To get a DNA test, you first need to decide what type of test you require—whether for paternity, ancestry, health reasons, or for legal matters related to family law.
You can order an at-home DNA test where you collect a sample yourself using a cheek swab or saliva kit, or you can opt for a legal DNA test, which must be performed at an accredited clinic.
Once the sample is collected, it is sent to a laboratory for analysis, and the results are typically available within a few days to a few weeks, depending on the test type.
Types of DNA Tests Available
There are several types of DNA tests, each designed for different purposes. Understanding the options can help you choose the right test for your needs.
1. Paternity and Relationship Testing
Paternity tests determine whether a man is the biological father of a child. Other relationship tests, such as sibling or grandparent tests, can establish biological connections between family members.
- At-home paternity tests – These can be purchased online or from pharmacies. They are for personal use and not legally admissible in court.
- Legal paternity tests – These require an accredited laboratory to collect the sample and verify the chain of custody. They are used in legal matters such as child support or immigration cases.
2. Ancestry and Ethnicity DNA Tests
Ancestry tests help trace your genetic heritage and family history. These tests can provide insights into your ethnic background and connect you with potential relatives.
3. Health and Genetic Condition Testing
Some DNA tests screen for inherited conditions, potential health risks, and genetic traits. These tests can provide information on how your DNA may influence your health and well-being.
Key Takeaway: DNA tests are available for paternity, ancestry, and health purposes. Choosing the right test depends on what you want to discover.
How to Get an At-Home DNA Test
If you prefer the convenience of testing at home, you can order a DNA test kit online or from a pharmacy. Here’s how the process works:
Step 1: Order a Kit
Purchase a DNA test kit from a reputable provider. The kit will include everything you need to collect your sample, such as swabs or a saliva tube.
Step 2: Collect Your Sample
Most at-home DNA tests require you to rub a swab inside your cheek to collect cells. Some tests may use saliva collection. Follow the instructions carefully to avoid contamination.
Step 3: Send the Sample to the Lab
Once you have collected your sample, use the provided packaging to send it to the laboratory. Some providers include prepaid postage, while others may require you to arrange shipping.
Step 4: Receive Your Results
Results are typically available within a few days to a few weeks, depending on the provider and type of test. Some companies offer online portals where you can securely access your results.
Key Takeaway: At-home DNA tests are easy to use and involve ordering a kit, collecting a sample, and mailing it to a lab for analysis.
Need a Lawyer?
How to Get a Legal DNA Test
If you need a DNA test for legal purposes—such as child custody, inheritance claims, or immigration—you must follow a more structured process.
Step 1: Book an Appointment at an Accredited Lab
Unlike at-home tests, legal DNA tests require professional sample collection. You must book an appointment with a laboratory accredited by the National Association of Testing Authorities (NATA) in Australia.
Step 2: Provide Identification
To ensure the test results are legally valid, you will need to provide government-issued identification. In cases involving minors, both parents may need to consent.
Step 3: Sample Collection by a Professional
A trained professional will collect your sample using a cheek swab. They will follow strict chain-of-custody procedures to prevent tampering.
Step 4: Laboratory Analysis and Official Report
The sample is sent to the lab, where DNA analysis is performed. A legally recognised report is issued, which can be used in court or for official applications.
Key Takeaway: Legal DNA tests require professional sample collection and identification to ensure results are valid for legal proceedings.
How Long Does It Take to Get DNA Test Results?
The time it takes to receive DNA test results depends on the provider and test type:
- At-home paternity tests: 3–10 business days
- Legal paternity tests: 7–14 business days
- Ancestry DNA tests: 4–8 weeks
- Health and genetic tests: 2–6 weeks
Some providers offer expedited services for an additional fee.
Key Takeaway: DNA test results typically take a few days to a few weeks, depending on the type of test and provider.
Getting a DNA test is a straightforward process, whether you choose an at-home kit for personal use or a legally accredited test for official purposes.
Understanding the different test options, costs, and processes can help you select the right test for your needs.